Passing structure to a Function

     Like an ordinary variable, a structure variable can also be passed to a function. We  may either pass individual structure elements or the entire structure. Let us take an example in which there is structure employee that has name, sex and salary as members. These members can be passed to function to display their value.

   Example:

               In this example, member variables are displayed by passing individual elements to a function display().

void display(char name[],char s, int sal)

  {

   printf("\nName=%s\tSex=%c\tSalary=%d",name,s,sal);

  }

void main()

  {

  struct employee

     {

    char name[20];

    char sex;

    int salary;

   };

  struct employee e={"abc",'M',10000};

  display(e.name,e.sex,e.salary);

                                      /*function call in which each elements are passed individually*/

  getch();

  }

Another Example:

        Let us consider above structure but pass whole structure variable to function.

struct employee

   {

    char name[20];

    char sex;

    int salary;

   };   // structure is declared outside main()

void display(struct employee emp)

  {

   printf("\nName=%s\tSex=%c\tSalary=%d",emp.name,emp.sex,emp.salary);

  }

void main()

  {

  struct employee e={"abc",'M',10000};

  clrscr();

  display(e);  /* function call*/

  getch();

  }

In above example, the whole structure variable e is passed to a function display(). In formal argument of function display(), we need structure variable to receive structure variable sent by main() function. Thus, we should declare structure outside the main() function such that it is recognized also by function display().