Arrays and Strings in C programming

Array is a data structure that store a number of data items as a single entity (object). The individual data items are called elements and all of them have same data types. Array is used when multiple data items that have common characteristics are required (in such situation use of more variables is not efficient). In array system, an array represents multiple data items but they share same name. The individual data items can be characters, integers, floating point numbers etc. However, they must all be of the same type and the same storage class.

It is the fact that a string can be represented as a one-dimensional character -type array. Thus, character array is also known as string. Each character within the string will be stored within one element of the array. Strings are used by C to manipulate text such as words and sentences. A string is always terminated by a null character ( i.e \0). The terminating null character \0 is important because it is the only way the string handling functions can know where the string ends.

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Object Oriented Programming

Object Oriented Programming Programming paradigm that represents the concept of "objects" that have data fields (attributes that describe the object) and associated procedures known as methods Programming methodology based on objects, instead of just functions and procedures Focuses on data rather than process As individual objects can be modified without affecting other aspects of the program, it is easier for programmers to structure and organize software programs Easier to update and change programs written in object-oriented languages Simula was the first object oriented programming language Eg: C++, Java, etc. Features of OOPS Objects Referred as instance of class Basic run-time entities in an object-oriented system a person, a place, a bank account, a table of data, etc can be an object They occupy space in memory that keeps its state Each object contains data and code to manipulate the data Classes Blue print or prototype which ...

Passing arrays to functions in C programming

Like any other variables, we can also pass entire array to a function. An array name can be named as an argument for the prototype declaration and in function header. When we call the function no need to subscript or square brackets. When we pass array that pass as a call by reference because the array name is address for that array. /* Program to illustrate passing array to function */ #include<stdio.h> void display(int) ; /* function prototype */ main( ) { int num[5] = {100, 20, 40, 15, 33, i ; clrscr( ) ; printf (“\n The content of array is \n”) ; for (i=0; i<5; i++) display (num[i]) ; /*Pass array element fo fun */ getch{ } ; } void display(int n) { printf (“\t%d”, n ) ; } Output: The content of array is 100 20 40 15 3 /* Program to read 10 numbers from keyboard to store these num into array and then c...

Software Development Life Cycle

Software Crisis In earlier days, same codes needed to be written time and again increasing the complexity and time required for development This resulted in software not being completed on time and the cost increased than expected Solution: Object Oriented Programming Software Evolution Investigation Feasibility Study Analysis Design Implementation Maintenance Investigation First step in preparation of the IS includes the preliminary study of proposed information system investigates the information needs of the users and determines the resource requirement, costs, benefits and feasibility of a proposed project 2. Feasibility Study feasibility study is an analysis of the practicality of an idea focuses on helping answer the essential question of “should we proceed with the proposed project idea?” The feasibility study is conducted in four different areas: 1. Organizational feasibility 2. Economic feasibility 3. Technical feasibility 4. Operation...

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